![]() ![]() A Latin American investor sees that and says, ‘No way, the elephant is going to crush you.’ ” It required a Silicon Valley investor who has seen this story of the tiny ant going against the elephant and succeeding. “You had these gigantic opportunities industries like banking that no one was really looking at because nobody thought it was possible.” He adds: “Nubank could never have been started by a local. It has always been like this and will always be like this,’ ” Vélez says one Brazilian friend told him.īut in the early 2010s Vélez saw broadband internet and smartphones spread quickly across the enormous country. And what’s the most profitable? Banking,” he says.īack then, five banks-Itaú, Bradesco, Santander, Banco do Brasil and Caixa- controlled 80% of the Brazilian market, earning massive profits by lending at high interest rates and charging exorbitant fees while providing lousy customer service. “What’s the biggest industry in Brazil? Banking. But he’s also a fan of Ayn Rand’s Atlas Shrugged, and he learned in his VC and Stanford days that an entrepreneur can hit it big by using technology to take out fat, complacent incumbents. His favorite novel is Gabriel García Márquez’s One Hundred Years of Solitude. He’s an even-keeled manager who, before the pandemic, began meetings with a minute for meditation. “They’re the horrible weapon the banks used.” Gabriel Rinaldi for Forbes Rebel Leader: “If banks are Darth Vader, credit cards are the Death Star,” says Cristina Junqueria, Nubank’s cofounder. When that opportunity evaporated, Vélez retreated to his parents’ Costa Rican home to plot his assault. ![]() But while still a student, he was recruited by Leone to develop Sequoia’s Latin American business. In 2010 he returned to Stanford for his MBA and, he hoped, to develop the concept for his own startup and the killer instincts to execute it. Two years later, he joined private equity firm General Atlantic to build up its investments in Latin America. So he played it safe after graduation, taking an investment banking job at Morgan Stanley. But while Google had been birthed in Stanford’s dorms, as an undergraduate Vélez couldn’t come up with his own big idea. ![]() Vélez attended a local German-language prep school, graduating as valedictorian and winning admission to Stanford, where he majored in engineering and yearned to join Silicon Valley’s startup frenzy. There, Vélez’s dad, who had co-owned a small button factory with two brothers in Colombia, built a new one. After an uncle was kidnapped and rescued, the then-9-year-old Vélez, his parents and his two sisters (both now also entrepreneurs) moved to Costa Rica. He remembers leaving a shopping center with his family minutes before it was bombed. Born in Colombia in 1981 into a family of small-businessfolk (his father’s 11 siblings are mostly entrepreneurs), he watched as his hometown of Medellín was ravaged by drug wars. Growing up, Vélez saw how entrepreneurs persevere through adversity. ![]()
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